One of the most pressing concerns today is violence against women, a pervasive problem that transcends culture, socioeconomic status, and geographical boundaries. It is crucial to recognize that violence against women is also a significant mental health issue, for victims and their perpetrators.
Today, December 6, 2020 marks thirty-one years since the Montreal massacre. A major turning point when violence against women became focused. A very sick soul gunned down 14 women attending university. That was their crime — they were attending university. But at an engineering school, a profession that traditionally “belonged” to men. You can read a very sad article about the survivors of this attack here.
Even 39 years ago, violence against women wasn’t new. Rape, spousal abuse, FGM, femicide, honor killings – all had existed for centuries.
Similarly, the 2018 Toronto van attack, perpetrated by a self-identified incel — a group of involuntarily celibate men who believe they are entitled to sex with women — further underscores the urgent need to address the mental health issues that underlie such violence.
The psychological underpinnings of violence
Violence against women is not merely an act of aggression; it is often rooted in deep-seated psychological issues. Violent perpetrators may struggle with a range of mental health problems, including:
- History of trauma and abuse Many men who commit acts of violence have themselves been victims of abuse or trauma. This cycle of violence can perpetuate a distorted understanding of relationships and conflict resolution.
- Substance abuse: There is a well-documented correlation between substance abuse and violent behavior. Alcohol and drugs can impair judgment and increase aggression, leading to violent outbursts.
- Mental health disorders: Conditions such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can contribute to violent behavior. People may lash out as a way to cope with their own pain or feelings of inadequacy.
- Personality disorders: Certain personality disorders, such as antisocial personality disorder or malignant narcissism can show up in violent behaviors. People with these disorders may have poor impulse control, lack empathy, and poor emotional regulation.
Misogyny and mental health
Misogyny –- a deep-seated prejudice against women — is often intertwined with mental health issues. Understanding this connection is essential for addressing the root causes of violence against women. For example:
- Insecurity and fear: Men who feel threatened by women’s independence or success may resort to misogynistic behavior as a way to assert control.
- Socialization and norms: Social norms that promote toxic masculinity can lead to mental health issues in men, such as the suppression of emotions and vulnerability. This can create a breeding ground for misogyny, as men may feel compelled to conform to harmful stereotypes that devalue women.
- Isolation and loneliness: Many men who harbor misogynistic beliefs may also experience social isolation and loneliness. This disconnect can exacerbate mental health issues, and lead to a distorted worldview that justifies violence against women.
The role of therapy
Here are a few ways therapy can play a crucial role:
- Provide trauma-informed care: For both victims and perpetrators, understanding the impact of trauma is essential. Therapy can provide a safe space for people to process their experiences and develop healthier coping mechanisms.
- Challenge misogynistic beliefs: Therapy can help men recognize and challenge their misogynistic beliefs. And help women understand they do not deserve such treatment. By fostering empathy and understanding, we can encourage healthier attitudes toward individuals and relationships.
- Promote emotional intelligence: Helping clients learn anger management, emotional regulation and communication skills can provide alternatives to violent expression. Therapy can empower clients to develop healthier relationships with themselves and others.
Conclusion
The anniversary of the Montreal massacre serves as a stark reminder of the ongoing violence against women and the urgent need to address the mental health issues that underlie such acts. Violence against women is a multifaceted issue that requires a comprehensive approach.
feature image by Graham Hughes, Canadian Press